Enhancing Sustainability of Pastoralism through Grazing Reserves in Nigeria's Livestock Industry
Keywords:
Pastoralists, Grazing Reserves, Livelihood Challenges, Conflict Resolution, Cattle RustlingAbstract
Nigeria plays a significant role in West African livestock production, contributing 38% of the output and constituting about 33% of the country's GDP through beef and dairy markets. However, the pastoral farming community faces multiple challenges, including conflicts between farmers and herders, disease outbreaks, lack of proper dairy processing facilities, cattle theft, and migration in search of pasture. These challenges have contributed to the country's growing insecurity. Various measures have been implemented, such as the establishment of grazing reserves. This study examines the pastoral way of life and its compatibility with grazing reserves in Niger State. It employs qualitative research and questionnaire-based interviews with Nigerian pastoral farmers to understand their livelihood choices, desires for a settled life, safety concerns, and sustainability factors. The study suggests that well-designed grazing reserves can help reduce conflicts, enhance security, and improve the economic well-being of herders. They can also facilitate training and development opportunities and improve disease management and cattle welfare, leading to healthier livestock and increased productivity. In summary, this research highlights the potential of grazing reserves as a solution to the multifaceted challenges faced by pastoralists. It calls for policy interventions and community support to ensure the sustainability of pastoral livelihoods and a more secure and prosperous future for these communities. The study also provides valuable insights into the demographics and perspectives of pastoral farmers, emphasizing the prevalence of cattle owners and settlers in the community.