Parity and Infective Status of Anopheles Mosquito in Nasarawa State University Main Campus Keffi, Nasarawa State Nigeria

Abstract

Malaria still remains among major global health problems especially in developing countries that fall on tropic and subtropical regions. This study was aimed at determining the parity and infectivity status of anopheles mosquito in Nasarawa State Main campus, Keffi. About 495 Mosquito samples were randomly collected indoor from 30 houses using a pyrethrum spray catches collection method. Out of the number of sample collected, 219(44.24%) were identified as anopheles species from which 120 were engorged female anopheles. Abdominal portion and salivary glands of the engorged female were dissected to examined the parity status of the mosquitoes and the presences of sporozoid (infective stage of plasmodia species) respectively. Total number of parous (Parity) female anopheles 71(59.16%) was recorded, high parity rate 21(67.74%) was in Boys’ hostel followed by 19(63.33%) in Anguwan lambu (off Campus), 16(53.33%) was in high court (off campus) while the least parity rate 15(51.72%) recorded in Girls’ hostel. The total infectivity rate (presence of sporozoid in mosquitoes’ salivary gland), recorded was 44(36.66%), with high rate 15(48.38) in boys’ hostel while least 7(24.13%) was in Girls’ hostel. From the dissected mosquitoes (120), parity rate was recorded higher compare to the infectivity rate however statistically, there is no significant different between the parity and infectivity (P>0.05). It was observed that mosquito found on Nasarawa State University main campus, Keffi still harbored sporozoid stage of plasmodium the cause malaria. Therefore there is a need by the management to provide some strategies on how to disrupt mosquito breeding habitats by improving environmental hygiene within the institution premises.