Survey on the Prevalence of Ectoparasite Infestation on Domestic Fowl (Gallus Gallus Domesticus Linnaeus, 1758) Sold in Keffi Market, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Keywords:
Indigenous Chickens, Gallus domesticus, Ectoparasite Prevalence, Ectoparasite Diversity, Lice, TicksAbstract
Indigenous chickens (Gallus domesticus), adapted to harsh environments, are essential for providing economic and efficient animal protein in village and free-range production systems. This study investigated the prevalence and diversity of ectoparasites in local chickens at Keffi market, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. From February to June 2021, 200 chickens of various ages and sexes were examined for ectoparasites. The overall prevalence was 6.5%, with lice (6%) being more prevalent than ticks (0.5%). Menopon gallinae was the most common species identified. Adult chickens had a higher prevalence (4%) compared to growers (2%) and chicks (0.5%). Female chickens showed a significantly higher prevalence (4.5%) than males (2%), likely due to their brooding behavior. Local breeds had a higher prevalence (5%) compared to exotic breeds (1.5%). The low prevalence observed may be attributed to good husbandry practices and effective management systems. This study highlights the need for continued good management practices and farmer education on the economic impact of ectoparasites. Recommendations include the use of insecticides and other synergistic methods, routine pesticide application, and improved husbandry and sanitation practices. Further research is necessary to understand ectoparasite dynamics and develop effective control measures.