Design Basis and Parametric Criteria for Offshore Oil and Gas Material Selection and Consideration
A Review
Keywords:
Corrosion, Subsea, Linepipes, Design, Parameter, Criteria, Offshore, Oil and Gas, Material, Selection, Deep-Water, Ultra-Deep WaterAbstract
The current deep-water and ultra-deep-water oil and gas production required highly reliable and sustainable materials, in addition to effective management of offshore protective technologies. This study present offshore oil and gas facilities design basis and parametric criteria for materials selections and requirements for the challenging conditions and difficult to access remote sites. The criteria and constraints for selection of material for the corrosive offshore environments are presented using concepts selection, which involves the development of major criteria used in making offshore fields more economically viable. Costs-advantage and technical considerations are the governing criteria for the final selections. Technical requirements concepts should unaffectedly withstand both internal and external forces and loads. Subsea line pipes for the oil and gas transport extend from a take-up point, normally from a platform to the end-point, typically to another platform or to onshore facilities. Offshore Line pipes are rapidly evolving to ensure safe, effective and sustainable transportation with minimal human intervention for inspection maintenance and repair (IMR). The parts of the line pipes discussed in this study include flowlines, pipelines and risers. The study deduced carbon steel currently in use are very limited with high critical stress greater than actual strength and much below the maximum design stress. Duplex steel though safe but limited in comparison with x65 carbon steels. Super 13Cr clearly show maximum design stress greater than expected limit and the critical membrane stress are well within the limit required.